Posts

Rest work

   Population Interactions For any species, the minimal requirement is one more species on which it can feed. Even a plant species, which makes its own food, cannot survive alone; it needs soil microbes to break down the organic matter in soil and return the inorganic nutrients for absorption. In nature, animals, plants and microbes interact in various ways to form a biological community. Interspecific interactions arise from the interaction of populations of two different species. They could be beneficial, detrimental or neutral (neither harm nor benefit) to one of the species or both. Assigning a ‘+’ sign for beneficial interaction, ‘-’ sign for detrimental and 0 for neutral interaction, look at all the possible outcomes of interspecific interactions. Species A Species B Name of Interaction + + Mutualism - - Competition + - Predation + - Parasitism + 0 Commensalism - 0 Amensalism Both the species benefit in mutualism and both lose in competition in their interactions with ea...
Post a Comment
Read more

CHAPTER 8 - MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE

  Microbes - The Micro-World Microbes are the major components of biological systems on this earth. Microbes are present everywhere – in soil, water, air, inside our bodies and that of other animals and plants. Microbes are diverse– protozoa, bacteria, fungi and microscopic animal and plant viruses, viroids and also prions that are proteinacious infectious agents. Microbes like bacteria and many fungi can be grown on nutritive media to form colonies, that can be seen with the naked eyes. Such cultures are useful in studies on micro-organisms. Microbes are harmful and useful to man in diverse ways. Microbes in Household Products Production of curd from milk Micro-organisms such as Lactobacillus and others commonly called lactic acid bacteria (LAB) grow in milk and convert it to curd. During growth, the LAB produce acids that coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins. A small amount of curd added to the fresh milk as inoculum or st...
Post a Comment
Read more

CHAPTER 7 - HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASE

  Health Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. Factors Affecting Health Health is affected by – Genetic disorders – deficiencies with which a child is born and deficiencies/defects which the child inherits from parents from birth; Infections Life style including food and water we take, rest and exercise we give to our bodies, habits that we have or lack etc. Disease When the functioning of one or more organs or systems of the body is adversely affected, this state is called disease. Types of disease - Infectious Non-infectious Pathogens A wide range of organisms belonging to bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, helminths, etc., causing diseases in human are called pathogens . Sometimes, pathogens are carried on/in other's organisms body, these pathogens transmitting agents/organisms are called vectors . Common Disease in Humans Typhoid Salmonella typhi is a pa...
Post a Comment
Read more